The problems of Chinese superhard cutting tools and analysis of domestic and international markets! 482

Ultra hard cutting tools are mainly made of diamond and cubic boron nitride materials, with artificial diamond composite (PCD) and cubic boron nitride composite (PCBN) tools dominating. Many cutting concepts, such as green machining, turning instead of grinding, milling instead of grinding, hard machining, high-speed cutting, dry cutting, etc., have emerged due to the application of superhard cutting tools, making superhard cutting tools an indispensable and important means in cutting. With the advancement of technology, the rapid development of manufacturing industry, the rapid development of CNC machining technology, and the widespread use of CNC machine tools, the production and application of superhard cutting tools are also becoming increasingly widespread. PCD and PCBN cutting tools have been widely used in traditional fields such as machinery, metallurgy, geology, petroleum, coal, stone, construction, as well as high-tech fields such as electronic information, aerospace, national defense and military industry, as well as emerging industries such as automobiles and home appliances. It has greatly promoted the rapid development of cutting and advanced manufacturing technology, and the market has also rapidly expanded. According to reports, China's current annual production of PCD and PCBN/CBN cutting tools is 400000, with sales revenue of less than 20000 yuan. However, investigations by authoritative departments show that the total potential market sales of the two types of tools will exceed 1.5 billion US dollars, indicating that the superhard tool industry has great potential.

However, for Chinese superhard cutting tools, there is still a lot of work to be done in order to catch the ride of this high-speed development. Due to the fact that superhard cutting tools are mostly high-end products with high manufacturing strength and high technological barriers, they are mainly controlled by foreign manufacturers. China only has a small market share. According to a survey conducted by a domestic consulting website on manufacturers and downstream users in the superhard cutting tool industry, in 2009, the top few companies with a global market share in the composite superhard cutting tool material market were all foreign companies, namely Element Six (30%), DI Company (20%), Sumitomo Japan (18%), Rijin Korea (9%), and MegaDiamond (4.5%). TomeiDiamond (4.5%) and Dennistools (4%), these major companies account for 90% of the market. It can be said that China's superhard cutting tools are still in the early stages, and there are some problems that restrict the rapid expansion of cutting tool enterprises, mainly in the following aspects.

1. The uniformity of domestically produced PCD and PCBN tool materials is poor, and their tool quality is unstable.

2. The technology of domestic superhard tool grinding manufacturing equipment is backward, and it is not yet possible to provide cutting tool grinding machines that are comparable to those of foreign companies.

3. China's superhard cutting tools have not yet formed standardization and serialization, resulting in poor product quality consistency.

4. The basic research on the application of superhard cutting tools is not deep enough, and it is not systematic enough to guide downstream enterprises to apply them correctly and reasonably.

5. In China, there are still a series of problems with the connection and clamping method with machine tools, blade clamping mechanism, tool material and structure, tool clamping measures in high-speed spindles, and dynamic balance of rotating tools.

6. The design and manufacturing technology for high-precision and complex structured superhard cutting tools is not up to par, such as superhard cutting tools used for machining key parts in automobiles and aerospace. Chinese enterprises are still unable to manufacture them.